Uhlu lwezithako ezilwa nokuguga (izithasiselo)

i-peptide

Ama-Peptides,owaziwa nangokuthi ama-peptides, awuhlobo lwenhlanganisela eyakhiwe ngama-amino acid angama-2-16 axhunywe ngamabhondi e-peptide. Uma kuqhathaniswa namaprotheni, ama-peptide anesisindo samangqamuzana amancane kanye nesakhiwo esilula. Ngokuvamile ihlukaniswa ngokusekelwe enanini lama-amino acid aqukethwe ku-molecule eyodwa, ngokuvamile ihlukaniswa ngama-peptide amafushane (ama-amino acid angu-2-5) nama-peptides (ama-amino acids angu-6-16).

Ngokusho kwendlela yawo yokwenza, ama-peptide angahlukaniswa abe ama-peptide akhombisayo, ama-peptide avimbela ama-neurotransmitter, ama-peptide enkampani, namanye.

Ama-peptide esignali avamile ahlanganisa i-acetyl hexapeptide-8, i-palmitoyl pentapeptide-3, i-palmitoyl tripeptide-1, i-palmitoyl hexapeptide-5, i-hexapeptide-9, ne-nutmeg pentapeptide-11.

I-neurotransmitter inhibitory peptide evamile ihlanganisa i-acetyl hexapeptide-8, i-acetyl octapeptide-3, i-pentapeptide-3, i-dipeptide-2, njll.

Ama-peptide enkampani yenethiwekhi ikilasi lama-molecule amaprotheni anemisebenzi ethile engakwazi ukubopha kwamanye ama-molecule futhi alamule ukungena kwawo kumaseli. Ezintweni eziphilayo, ama-peptide okuthwala ajwayele ukubophezela kuma-molecule, ama-enzyme, amahomoni, njll., ngaleyo ndlela alawule ukusayina kwe-intracellular kanye nezinqubo ze-metabolic.

Amanye ama-peptide avamile ahlanganisa i-hexapeptide-10, i-palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7, i-L-carnosine, i-acetyl tetrapeptide-5, i-tetrapeptide-30, i-nonapeptide-1, i-nutmeg hexapeptide-16, njll.

Amavithamini

Amavithamini ayizinto eziphilayo ezibalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ukuphila. Ukwengeza amavithamini athile kanye nokuphuma kwawo kuzimonyo kunemiphumela yokulwa nokuguga. Amavithamini ajwayelekile okulwa nokuguga ahlanganisavitamin A, i-niacinamide, uvithamini E, njll.

I-Vitamin A ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili ezingaphansi ezisebenzayo: i-retinol (i-retinol) ne-retinol (i-retinue ne-retinoic acid), ifomu eliyisisekelo kakhulu i-vitamin A (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-retinol).

I-Vitamin E iyinhlanganisela yamafutha encibilikayo evimbela ukusabela kwe-oxidative okuqhubekayo okwenzeka ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-membrane yeseli ngokuvimbela ukusabela kwe-oxidative chain. Nokho, ngenxa yokuthi uvithamini E ufakwa i-oxid kalula, izinto eziphuma kuwo njengovithamini E acetate, uvithamini E nicotinate, no-vitamin E linoleic acid zivame ukusetshenziswa.

ukukhula factor

Izingxenye ze-Acidic

Ezinye izithako zokulwa nokuguga

Vele, izithako ezaziwayo zokulwa nokuguga emikhiqizweni yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba zifaka i-collagen, i-β - glucan, i-allantoin,i-hyaluronic acid, i-spore lysate ye-bifidobacteria fermentation, centella asiatica, adenosine, idebenone, superoxide dismutase (SOD),i-coenzyme Q10, njll